Intended learning outcomes: Present the operation business object in association with the routing sheet. Describe its attributes. Identify the work center where-used list.
Section 1.2.3 introduces the operation business object in association with the routing sheet and resource requirement or process plan business objects. This section provides a detailed description of the operation object, particularly its most important attributes. An operation is described by at least the following attributes (see also Figure 17.2.1.1):
- Product ID (the product identification); this is an item ID
- Sequential number or operations sequence number; this defines the order in which the operations are carried out
- Work center ID of the primary work center, that is, where the operation is normally scheduled to be performed
- Work center ID of the alternate work center, that is, where the operation is not normally scheduled to be but can be performed
- Operation description, which may consist of several lines; this is ideally a typical concise
description, followed by detailed information - Standard setup load (see Section 13.1.2)
- Standard run load per unit (see Section 13.1.2)
- Setup time and run time per unit or the formulas for converting from setup load and run load to setup time and run time
- Technical wait time after the operation (see Section 13.1.3)
- Effective dates (start and stop). On these dates, the operation is to be added or removed from the routing sheet; effectivity control may also be by engineering change number or serial number rather than date
The operation ID is the union of the product ID and operation number attributes.
The routing sheet or routing can be derived from its operations, just as the bill of material can be derived from its bill-of-material positions. A product forms a 1-to-n association with its operations.
An alternate routing is a routing, usually less preferred than the primary routing, but resulting in an identical item.
An alternate operation is a replacement for a normal step in the manufacturing process.
Alternate routings and operations may be maintained in the computer or offline via manual methods, but the computer software must be able to accept alternate routings and operations for specific jobs (see [ASCM22]).
A work center where-used list provides an indication of how a work center is used in products, or more precisely in the operations for products.
As with the where-used list for components, the work center where-used list addresses the operations from the work center viewpoint, as a supplement to the product viewpoint. See Figure 17.2.3.2. A work center also forms a 1-to-n association with the operations.
Aspects of computerized administration:
- There are transactions that allow the entire routing sheet for an assembly or a partial routing sheet to be assigned to another assembly. There are also transactions that allow large-scale modifications to be carried out, for example, by replacing a certain work center with a different work center in every operation (batch procedure running in background mode).
- A batch procedure can periodically calculate the sum of certain elements of the lead time and insert the results into the routing sheet in order to quickly recalculate the rough-cut planning (namely, the sum of the setup times, the sum of the run times (for an mean lot size), and the sum of the interoperation times; see Figure 13.3.2.4).
Course section 17.2: Subsections and their intended learning outcomes
17.2 The Master Data for Products and Processes
Intended learning outcomes: Describe master data of products, components, and operations. Explain the data structure of item master, bill of material, and where-used list. Disclose the data structure of work center master data, the work center hierarchy, as well as for operation, routing sheet, production equipment, bill of production equipment, and bill of tools.
17.2.1 Product, Product Structure, Components, and Operations
Intended learning outcomes: Present the concept of master data. Explain the production order as a collection of master data. Describe a simple product structure.
17.2.1b The Intermediate Part
Intended learning outcomes: Identify the intermediate part used simultaneously as a component in higher-level products.
17.2.2 Item Master Data
Intended learning outcomes: Present the concept of the item master record. Describe the attributes of the technical information and the stockkeeping information of the item master record. Identify attributes of the item master record for information on costs and prices.
17.2.3a Bill of Material, Bill-of-Material Position, and Where-Used List
Intended learning outcomes: Present the concepts of the bill of material, of the bill-of-material position, and the where-used list.
17.2.3b Single-Level Bill of Material, Multilevel Bill of Material, and Summarized Bill of Material
Intended learning outcomes: Differentiate between the single-level bill of material, the multilevel bill of material, and the summarized bill of material.
17.2.3c Single-Level Where-Used List, Multilevel Where-Used List, and Summarized Where-Used List
Intended learning outcomes: Differentiate between the single-level where-used list, the multilevel where-used list, and the summarized where-used list.
17.2.3d The Bill-of-Material Position and the Where-Used-List Position as a Logistical Object
Describe the bill-of-material position and the where-used-list position as logistical objects. Identify its most important attributes.
17.2.4 Work Center Master Data
Intended learning outcomes: Present the work-center business object. Describe the attributes of the work-center master record relating to capacity, concerning costs, and for calculating the lead time.
17.2.5 The Work Center Hierarchy
Intended learning outcomes: Present the concepts of workstation and cost center. Explain the work center hierarchy.
17.2.6 Operation and Routing Sheet
Intended learning outcomes: Present the operation business object in association with the routing sheet. Describe its attributes. Identify the work center where-used list.
17.2.7 Production Equipment, Bill of Production Equipment, and Bill of Tools
Intended learning outcomes: Present the concepts of bill of production equipment and bill-of-production-equipment position as well as production equipment where-used list. Produce an overview on collective tool, bill of tools, bill-of-tools position, and tool where-used list.
